Without major threats to control over the region and naval supremacy in the bay and nearby Atlantic coast, the British decided not to garrison fortifications on the Delaware. In 1664, after the Dutch surrendered New Netherland to the British, they quietly abandoned their forts on the Delaware. The regained Dutch influence on the Delaware River was short-lived. New Sweden soon seized Fort Casimir, but had neither the resources nor manpower to construct and hold such a fort as aggressive New Netherland Director-General Peter Stuyvesant (1612-72) sent a thousand-man expedition up the Delaware in 1655 to retake the defensive works and bring an end to New Sweden. The new fort stood well below the Swedish forts and promised to stop Swedish ships entering the bay and river. The Dutch West India Company naturally responded to New Sweden’s threat to New Netherland’s commercial monopoly on the South River by strengthening Fort Nassau, building a number of small, fortified trading posts across the river, and erecting Fort Casimir where the river met the Delaware Bay (later the site of New Castle, Delaware). Johan Printz, the third governor of New Sweden, oversaw the construction of Fort Nya Elfsborg and Fort New Gothenburg before resigning from his position in 1653. When Lieutenant Colonel Johan Bjornson Printz (1592-1663), a veteran of the Thirty Years War (1618-48), became governor of New Sweden in 1643 he further fortified the colony with Fort Nya Elfsborg (Elsinboro, Salem County, New Jersey) and Fort New Gothenburg ( Tinicum Island, Pennsylvania) upriver on the west bank a mile south of Fort Nassau. The New Sweden Company dispatched more than a dozen expeditions over the next decade bringing Swedes, Finns, Dutch, and German settlers to the Delaware, then known as the South River. Both fortifications served as centers for fur trading, and Fort Christina also developed as an agricultural settlement. Their rivalry led to construction of Fort Nassau, built in 1626 by the Dutch West India Company on the east bank of the Delaware (the future site of Gloucester City, New Jersey), and Fort Christina, built in 1638 by the New Sweden Company at the confluence of the Christina River and Brandywine Creek (the future site of Wilmington, Delaware). The earliest fortifications in the lower Delaware region resulted from the intense economic colonial rivalries and wars of the early seventeenth century, as Dutch, Swedish, and English Protestant capitalist states battled Spanish, Portuguese, and French Catholic kingdoms for control of the North American and West Indian trade and settlement. As important structures with such long histories, forts help to explain the political, economic, and social history of the Greater Philadelphia region. Groff for the Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia.)Ĭonstructed from the seventeenth through the mid-twentieth century, defensive fortifications along the lower Delaware River and bay guarded the region during times of international and sectional upheaval. Today, the fort’s long history is a foundation for educational programming and events that support restoration and maintenance. Philadelphia, the Place that Loves You BackĮssay Fort Mifflin, shown here during a public-history event in 2014, and similar forts on the Delaware River were once a critical component in the defense of Philadelphia.In CT State Historical Society Library, by Frederick Holden & Dunbar Lockwood, Private printing 1889. !"Colonial & Revolutionary History of the Lockwood Family in America from A.D. !Genealogy of 1st Settlers of New England, 1977 by James Savage, Genealogical Publishing Co. Source: GEDCOM Note !Genealogy of 1st Settlers of New Englan (See source, Descendants of Robert Lockwood. It could be argued that 1682 would be unrealistic given evidence of Gershom's having paid taxes in 1694/1695 and having built a bridge with his brother across the Myanos River in 1687. Given the children's years of birth, their births in the 1680's makes sense. It also proposes that wife Mary was born in 1686. See the attached source (Descendants of Robert Lockwood) for an alternative year of birth: 1682. Gersham was appointed to CT Colonial Assembly 1726-1728 Justice of the Peace for Fairfield Deputy ffor Greenwich 1749-50 GEDCOM Note Year of Birth GEDCOM Note Gersham was appointed to CT Colonial Ass
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